Perpustakaan Terpadu

Latar Belakang : Permasalahan yang muncul terkait respon anak terhadap hospitalisasi adalah banyak anak menolak saat menjalani perawatan dirumah sakit karena harus menyesuaikan diri dengan lingkungan rumah sakit yang asing. Tindakan perawatan yang diberikan dapat menimbulkan masalah psikologi baik bersifat emosional, kognitif, maupun sosial pada anak, dan kecemasan pada anak. Dampak hospitalisasi dan kecemasan yang dialami oleh anak akan berisiko mengganggu tumbuh kembang anak dan berdampak pada proses penyembuhan. Metode : Studi ini dilakukan secara Literature Review untuk mengetahui penerapan dukungan keluarga terhadap tingkat kecemasan anak usia prasekolah saat hospitalisasi. Pencarian literature dilakukan melalui berbagai database dengan menggunakan keyword MeSH. Didapatkan enam artikel yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi PICOS framework yang kemudian dilakukan penilaian kualitas dengan menggunakan JBI Critical appraisal tools. Lima artikel jurnal nasional didapatkan melalui database google scholar dan 1 artikel merupakan jurnal internasional yang didapatkan melalui database Science Direct. Enam artikel tersebut kemudian dianalisis satu persatu untuk ditarik kesimpulan. Hasil : Berdasarkan hasil dari enam jurnal yang telah dianalisis didapatkan hasil Tingkat kecemasan anak usia prasekolah saat hospitalisasi sebelum dan sesudah mendapatkan dukungan keluarga mayoritas mengalami penurunan. hubungan dukungan keluarga dengan tingkat kecemasan akibat hospitalisasi pada anak usia pra sekolah menunjukkan bahwa penerapan dukungan efektif dalam menurunkan tingkat kecemasan anak prasekolah saat hospitalisasi dan semakin baik dukungan keluarga maka semakin kecil tingkat kecemasan yang dialami anak saat hospitalisasi. Dibuktikan dengan mayoritas studi memiliki nilai sig atau p value < 0,05. Kesimpulan : Dukungan keluarga merupakan asuhan keperawatan yang tepat bagi anak yang menjalani hospitalisasi karena merasa nyaman bila orang tua selalu dekat di samping anak dan dapat membantu anak untuk beradaptasi dengan lingkungan dan kondisi kesehatannya sehingga proses hospitalisasi atau perawatan dapat berjalan dengan baik dan meminimalkan trauma pada anak. Kata Kunci : Dukungan keluarga, Kecemasan, Anak Prasekolah

Background: The problem that arises regarding the response of children to hospitalization is that many children refuse to undergo treatment at the hospital because they have to adjust to a foreign hospital environment. Treatment actions given can cause psychological problems, both emotional, cognitive, and social in children, and anxiety in children. The impact of hospitalization and anxiety experienced by children will be at risk of disturbing the child's growth and development and impacting the healing process. The support they receive from family members and friends in meeting other family needs is a factor in the willingness of parents to accompany their children who are hospitalized Methods: This study was conducted by means of a Literature Review to determine the application of family support to the level of anxiety of preschool-aged children during hospitalization. The literature search was carried out through various databases using the MeSH keyword. There were gymnastics articles that matched the inclusion criteria of the PICOS framework, which was then assessed using the JBI Critical appraisal tools. Five national journal articles were obtained through the Google Scholar database and 1 article was an international journal obtained through the Science Direct database. The six articles were then analyzed one by one to draw conclusions. Results: Based on the results of the six journals that have been analyzed, the results showed that the anxiety level of preschool-aged children during hospitalization before and after receiving majority family support decreased from a severe to a mild scale. The relationship between family support and the level of anxiety due to hospitalization in pre-school age children shows that the application of support is effective in reducing the anxiety level of preschool children during hospitalization and the better the family support, the smaller the level of anxiety experienced by children during hospitalization. Evidenced by the majority of studies have a sig value or p value <0.05. Conclusion: Family support as a nursing intervention is very useful for preschool-aged children undergoing the hospitalization process because it can reduce the level of anxiety experienced. Family support is the right nursing care for children undergoing hospitalization because they feel comfortable when parents are always close to the child and can help children adapt to their environment and health conditions so that the hospitalization or treatment process can run well and minimize trauma to children. Keywords: family support, anxiety, preschool children